The Place and Meaning of the Concept of Sohbet in the Quran as a Sufi Term
he Concept of Conversation in the Qur'an
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https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15104124Keywords:
Sufism, Quran, Conversation, Spiritual education, SolidarityAbstract
This study examines the concept of sohbet (spiritual conversation) in Sufism in light of the verses in the Qur’an and explores its effects on spiritual education, individual development, and social solidarity. Sufism holds a deep meaning and application in Islamic thought, focusing on the individual's spiritual ascent. In this process, the relationship between the guide (murshid) and the disciple (murid) is of great importance, and one of its most fundamental components is sohbet. Sohbet is seen not only as a physical gathering and transmission of knowledge but also as a means of transforming the individual's spiritual state, granting them wisdom. Many verses in the Qur'an contain direct or indirect references to the individual and social effects of sohbet. Specifically, the encouragement to be with the righteous, the emphasis on wisdom and admonition, and the importance of unity and solidarity among believers are elements that support the spiritual and moral dimensions of sohbet. In this context, the study examines the relevant verses in the Qur’an associated with sohbet through examples and evaluates how these verses relate to the Sufi tradition of sohbet. For example, in the story of Prophet Musa (Moses) and Prophet Khidr, where Musa is unable to progress patiently in the path of knowledge, the need for learning and guidance is emphasized. This process symbolizes the importance of obedience and patience towards the guide in Sufi teachings. For Sufi practitioners, sohbet is not just a transfer of knowledge but also a sharing of spiritual wisdom. The divine light and wisdom in sohbet serve as a guide in the disciple’s spiritual journey, and virtues such as patience, humility, and sincerity come to the forefront. Sufi sohbet creates an environment in which the murshid (guide) offers guidance to their murids (disciples) while simultaneously fostering a spiritual bond among participants. Since sohbet in Sufism is shaped by the Qur'an and hadith, it also plays a crucial role in the transmission of Islamic knowledge. The subject of sohbet is not merely academic knowledge but also directed towards spiritual training. Therefore, in Sufi tradition, sohbet is viewed as a tool that helps purify the heart, mature morally, and discipline the self (nafs). Moreover, the social dimensions of sohbet must not be overlooked. The verses in the Qur’an related to sohbet are used as essential elements of social solidarity and moral maturation. It is taught that wisdom should be shared among people, and patience and understanding should be demonstrated in relationships. According to Sufi thought, the benefits of proper sohbet serve not only the individual but also contribute to spiritual healing and moral development at the social level. The Qur'anic verses emphasize that the individual's relationships with others shape their spiritual state and personality, highlighting the importance of choosing the right company. In Sufi understanding, sohbet involves not just verbal communication but also a deep meaning of heartful unity and spiritual interaction. In conclusion, this study, through the lens of Qur’anic verses, examines the nature of Sufi sohbet, its impact on the individual, and its contribution to social solidarity, thereby shedding light on the place of this tradition within Islamic thought. It is evident that sohbet is an indispensable element for the spiritual development of the individual, and the Qur’an offers teachings that support this understanding. In this context, it is evident that the conversation has not only a cognitive dimension but also an impact that reflects on the individual's actions and behaviors. Sufi discourse does not merely convey spiritual knowledge, but also facilitates its internalization and practical application in life. The wisdom acquired in the gatherings plays a crucial role in shaping the individual's moral attitudes and social relationships. Therefore, the conversation should be considered a dynamic process that supports individual development and strengthens social harmony.
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